Compression Springs

Custom Compression Springs · Engineering Review · Drawing Fast-Track

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End Type Configurations

Compression springs are manufactured with several standard end configurations. Each affects solid height, load distribution, and how the spring seats in an assembly.

Closed & Ground

Closed & Squared

Open Ends

Double Closed Ends

Coiling Methods – Material Considerations

Compression springs are manufactured using either cold or hot coiling. The choice is not merely a matter of equipment capacity—it fundamentally affects material properties and long-term performance.

Cold Coiling

Formed at ambient temperature from fully heat-treated wire
No decarburization or scaling; surface finish preserved as-drawn
Residual tensile stress introduced on inner coil surface during forming
Stress relieving (≈200–300°C) reduces but does not eliminate these stresses
Suitable when wire diameter ≤ 16 mm and spring index (C/D) ≥ 5

Hot Coiling

Wire heated above austenitizing temperature (≈800–1000°C) prior to forming [citation:5][citation:9]
Decarburization and scaling possible; may require post-processing
No cold-work-induced residual stress; residual stress from quenching only
Requires quenching + tempering to achieve final mechanical properties
Required for wire diameter > 16 mm or low spring index

Each method carries inherent trade-offs between surface integrity, residual stress state, and dimensional capability.We evaluate your drawing against these process boundaries—not to reject, but to align method with expectation.

Spring Geometry

Compression springs are not limited to cylindrical constant-pitch designs.
The following configurations can be produced from your drawing:

Cylindrical — constant diameter, constant pitch
Conical — decreasing diameter, low solid height
Variable pitch — progressive rate, increasing resistance under compression
Nested / multi-spring — multiple concentric springs, compact high load
Square / rectangular wire — when specified on your drawing
Custom shapes — barrel, hourglass, multi-stage, non-cylindrical, etc.

We manufacture to the geometry specified in your drawing — no need to redesign for manufacturability.

After Coiling — The Difference Between a Spring and a Reliable Spring

Compression springs are coiled in seconds. What happens in the minutes and hours after that determines whether they still meet your specifications after 1,000, 100,000, or 10 million cycles.

Stress Relieving

Presetting-optional

Shot Peening-optional

These steps are not automatically applied to every spring. They are engineering decisions — selected based on your load profile, cycle requirements, and operating environment. We recommend during engineering review, not before.